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对沙坡头人工植被区内生物结皮的生物特征和非生物特征进行了调查,利用时空代换法研究了该地区生物结皮的发育和演替特征。结果表明:生物结皮层有着较快的成土过程,随固沙年限的增加,生物结皮的厚度以及结皮中粘土所占的比例增加,容重呈下降趋势;在各固沙年限的生物结皮覆盖区,构成生物结皮的主要优势生物成分为地衣、藻类和苔藓。不同发育年限和不同沙丘部位各类生物结皮的盖度的调查揭示,生物结皮的形成和发育有着重要的生物过程。对沙坡头植被固沙区生物结皮的演化过程进行了系统分析,发现生物结皮是在流沙固定过程中生物成分和非生物成分相互作用的产物,是降尘累积过程、生物过程和成土过程3个阶段的统一,并依据其发生学特点给出了3个发育阶段的定性划分。
The biological and non-biological characteristics of the biological crusts in the Shapotou artificial vegetation area were investigated. The development and succession characteristics of the biological crusts in the area were studied using the time-space substitution method. The results showed that the bio-crust had a faster soil-forming process. With the increase of the fixed-bed age, the thickness of the biological crust and the proportion of clay in the crust increased, while the bulk density decreased. The dominant biological components that make up the biological crusts are lichens, algae and moss. Investigation of coverage of various types of biological crusts at different developmental stages and in different sand dunes reveals that biological crust formation and development have important biological processes. The evolution of biological crusts in the sand fixation area of Shapotou was systematically analyzed and it was found that the biological crust was the product of the interaction between biological and non-biological components in the process of quicksand fixation. It is the process of dust accumulation, biological processes and soil formation Three stages of the unity, and according to its generative characteristics of the three developmental stages of the qualitative division.