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一、公路经济效益的基本概念 公路经济效益的分析计算是个比较复杂的问题,有些可以计算,有些很难计算,这里仅就几项可计算的主要指标予以说明。一般公路的经济效益评价指标有三类:其一为时间性指标,包括项目实际回收期(N)和实际借款偿还期、实际投资回收期,是以项目实际的净收益或根据实际情况预测项目净收益抵偿全部投资所需要的时间,又称为还贷期。其二为价值性指标,经济净现值(ENPV)主要反映建设项目在评价期限内获利能力的动态评价指标,它是按一定的折现率将项目各年的净现金流量折现到建设期初始的净现值之和,比实际净现值总额大,说明项目的实际投资经济效益越好。净现值若小于零则说明项目实际收益低于选定的折现率,项目实际投资效益越差。其三为比率性指标,主要包括经济内部实际收益率(EIRR)和经济效益与费用之比(EBCR),前者反映了项目对初始投资的偿还能力,或对贷款利率的最大可承担能力,此值若大于行
First, the basic concept of economic benefits of highway Analysis and calculation of highway economic efficiency is a more complex issue, some can be calculated, some difficult to calculate, here are just a few of the main indicators to be calculated to be described. There are three types of evaluation indexes for the economic benefits of general highways: one is the time index, which includes the actual payback period (N), the actual loan repayment period and the actual payback period of the project, based on the actual net income of the project or the actual project budget Reward to offset the time required for all investment, also known as repayment period. The other is the value index. The economic net present value (ENPV) mainly reflects the dynamic evaluation index of construction projects’ profitability during the evaluation period. It discounts the net cash flow of each project to the construction according to a certain discount rate The sum of the initial NPV of the period, which is larger than the actual net present value, shows that the actual economic returns of the project are better. If the net present value is less than zero, the actual income of the project is lower than the selected discount rate, the worse the actual investment returns of the project. The third is the ratio of the indicators, including the economic internal real return (EIRR) and cost-benefit ratio (EBCR), the former reflects the ability of the project to repay the initial investment, or the maximum affordability of lending rates, this If the value is greater than the line