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土方机械三大机种——推土机、装载机和挖掘机,从结构、制造技术来看,推土机最简单,装载机较复杂,挖掘机最复杂;从作业时土方的移动和工作装置的动作来看,推土机是一元的,装载机是二元的,挖掘机是三元的;从功率的配置来看,挖掘机的比功率(kW/t)为4～6,推土机为6～8,装载机最高,为8～12。以18t级为例,推土机的功率需125kW,每台售价约20万元;装载机150kW,约23万元;挖掘机70kW,约25万元。
The three major types of earth-moving machinery are bulldozers, loaders and excavators. From the point of view of structure and manufacturing technology, the bulldozers are the simplest, the loaders are more complex, and the excavator is the most complex; from the movement of the earth during operation and the action of the working device Look, the bulldozer is one dollar, the loader is binary, and the excavator is three yuan; from the perspective of power configuration, the specific power (kW/t) of the excavator is 4-6, and the bulldozer is 6-8. The highest aircraft is 8-12. Taking the 18t class as an example, the power of bulldozers is 125kW, and the price is about 200,000 yuan each; the loader 150kW is about 230,000 yuan; the excavator 70kW is about 250,000 yuan.