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1938年6月,正当中国抗战进入高潮,武汉会战激烈开展之际,纳粹德国为了自己的全球战略目标,迫于日本的压力,下令撤退赴华军事顾问,召回驻华大使,公开表明其亲日的外交政策,使中德关系陷入最低点。在这种逆境之中,8月间,忽又发生了一件与当时中德关系极不协调的事件——德国国社党“经济顾问”、经济部要员佛德(Dr.Hellmath Woidt)受德方派遣秘密使华,欲与中方继续洽商两国经贸合作,维持双边关系。佛德这次访华完成了双方积欠多年的易货贸易结算,并与中方草签了继续易货发展双边关系草约,取得了重要成果,在中德外交关系史上留下了重重的一笔。然而,其访华成果最终却化为乌有,不幸成为中德外交关系中最后的一页,其中的复杂变化给后人留下了许多历史之谜。本文拟通过对佛德访华之分析研究,为此期中德关系及抗战时期国民政府对外政策,特别是对德日集团的态度做一初步分析。
In June 1938, just as China’s war of resistance reached a climax and the war in Wuhan struggled, Nazi Germany ordered the withdrawal of its military advisers to China and its ambassador to China publicly for the sake of its global strategic goal under the pressure of Japan. Foreign policy, bringing Sino-German relations to its lowest point. In this adversity, in August there was another incongruous incident between China and Germany at that time: Dr. Karl Mayth Woidt, Economic Counselor of the German Socialist Party, Sent by the German side to help China secretly want to continue negotiations with China on economic and trade cooperation and maintain bilateral relations. During his visit to China, Buddhade completed the settlement of barter trade that both parties owed for many years and signed a draft agreement on the development of bilateral relations with China to continue bartering and achieved important results. China and Germany have left a heavy hand in the history of diplomatic relations between China and Germany. However, the achievements of his visit to China eventually came to nothing and unfortunately became the last page in the diplomatic relations between China and Germany. The complicated changes have left many mysteries in history to future generations. This paper intends to make an initial analysis of the Sino-German relations and the attitude of the Kuomintang government’s foreign policy, especially to the German and Japanese groups, through the analysis of the visit to China.