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为了探讨水稻在覆膜直播和常规手栽2种不同种植方式下干物质以及光合生产特征,以早熟型杂交籼稻安优136、香早优2017,迟熟型杂交籼稻金优785、Ⅱ优838这2种类型4个水稻品种为试验材料,对覆膜直播湿润栽培和常规手栽水作栽培2种种植模式下水稻的干物质积累、转运、分配及叶面积、群体生长率、光合势、净同化率等方面进行了比较试验。结果显示:在2种不同种植方式下主要生育期(孕穗期、抽穗期、蜡熟期、成熟期)单株茎干物质量、群体干物质量,以及各主要生育阶段群体干物质积累量,单株叶、茎、鞘干物质的表观输出量、输出率、转化率均表现为覆膜直播高于常规手栽。迟熟型品种的干物质量和群体干物质积累量占成熟期总干物质积累量的比例都略高于早熟型品种。叶、鞘干物质比例在孕穗期达到最大值,成熟期降为最低;茎干物质比例在抽穗期达到最高,蜡熟期降为最低,之后又会出现一个短暂的回升,所以茎干物质表观输出量、输出率以及转化率都表现为负值。2种不同种植方式下,在光合生产上,叶面积指数、光合势、净同化率都表现为覆膜直播比常规手栽高,由于覆膜直播后期灌浆速度较快,造成衰减率也同样表现为覆膜直播略高于常规手栽。说明不同种植方式下水稻干物质和光合生产均有各自的特征。
In order to investigate the dry matter and photosynthetic characteristics of rice under direct seeding and conventional hand planting, early-maturing hybrid indica hybrid rice An You 136, Xiang Zaoyou 2017, late maturing hybrid indica rice Jinyou 785 and Ⅱ You 838 The results showed that the dry matter accumulation, translocation and distribution, leaf area, population growth rate, photosynthetic potential, net photosynthetic rate, Net assimilation rate and other aspects of a comparative test. The results showed that under two different planting modes, the dry matter weight per plant, the dry matter mass of the population and the dry matter accumulation of the main growth stages of the main growth stages (booting stage, heading stage, wax maturity stage and maturity stage) The apparent output, output rate and conversion rate of leaf, stem and sheath dry matter were all higher than those of conventional hand-covering. The proportion of dry matter and dry matter accumulation of late-maturing cultivars to total dry matter accumulation of maturity were slightly higher than that of precocious varieties. The proportion of leaf and sheath dry matter reached the maximum at booting stage and decreased to the lowest at maturity stage. The ratio of stem matter reached the highest at heading stage, the lowest at wax maturity stage, and then a short recovery occurred. Therefore, View output, output rate and conversion rate are negative. Under the two kinds of planting modes, leaf area index, photosynthetic potential and net assimilation rate all showed that the film mulching was higher than that of the conventional mulching in photosynthetic production. The same reason of the decay rate Laminated broadcast slightly higher than conventional hand planting. Indicating that different planting methods of dry matter and photosynthetic rice production has its own characteristics.