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极端异常气候诱发植被发育斜坡发生滑坡灾害的数量逐年攀升,土体大孔隙产生的优先流对其有重要影响.本文结合水分穿透曲线和Poiseulle方程对马卡山植被发育玄武岩斜坡土体大孔隙的半径范围、数量、平均体积进行估算,分析了该区土体大孔隙分布情况及其主要影响因素.结果表明:研究区域主要植被下土体大孔隙半径在0.3~1.8 mm,主要集中在0.5~1.2 mm,1.4~1.8 mm的大半径孔隙相对较少,而<1.4 mm的小半径孔隙较多.随着剖面发育,大孔隙表现为上部土层多、下部土层少的特点.大孔隙平均体积决定了稳定出流速率84.7%的变异.在影响大孔隙平均体积大小的诸多因素中,植被根系质量密度与其呈线性关系,相关系数为0.70,土壤有机质含量与其呈线性关系,相关系数为0.64.
The number of landslide hazards induced by extreme anomalous climates is increasing year by year, and the preferential flow of soil macropores plays an important role in this. Combined with water breakthrough curve and Poiseulle equation, the macropores of basalt slope soil The results showed that the major macropore radius of soil under the main vegetations in the study area ranged from 0.3 to 1.8 mm and mainly concentrated at 0.5 The large radius pores with ~1.2 mm and 1.4 ~ 1.8 mm are relatively few, while the small radius pores with <1.4 mm are more. With the development of the profile, the macropores are characterized by more upper soil layers and lower soil layers. The mean volume determines the variation of 84.7% of the steady outflow rate. Among the many factors influencing the average pore volume of macropores, the root mass density of vegetation has a linear relationship with the correlation coefficient of 0.70, and the soil organic matter content has a linear relationship with the correlation coefficient 0.64.