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利率风险是所有银行必须面对的最严峻的、潜在的、最具有破坏性的风险形式。市场利率的变化,不仅改变了银行资产与负债的市场价值,也影响了银行的收入和支出情况。随着我国利率市场化的推进,利率频繁变化且难以预计,从而导致银行面临重新定价风险、收益变动风险和优质贷款客户选择权风险等。我国商业银行可以考虑金融衍生交易中的创新工具——利率互换,可以有效地规避利率风险和降低资金成本。
Interest rate risk is the most serious, potential and most destructive form of risk all banks must face. Changes in market interest rates have not only changed the market value of bank assets and liabilities but also affected the bank’s income and expenditure. With the marketization of interest rate in our country, interest rates change frequently and are hard to be predicted. As a result, the banks are faced with the risk of repricing, the risk of earnings changes and the risk of high-quality loan customers. China’s commercial banks can consider the innovative tool in the financial derivative transaction - interest rate swap, which can effectively avoid the interest rate risk and reduce the cost of capital.