论文部分内容阅读
世界大多数国家注重节能始于上世纪70年代石油危机期间,各国政府制定了各种政策措施来提高能源效率,降低能源消耗,这些政策措施绝大部分可纳入强制性范畴。 20世纪80年代,欧美等市场经济国家认识到不同利益主体对于市场经济信号的响应远比对政府政策与法规的响应要快得多、有效得多。因此,在允许的情况下,他们都尽量地采用推荐性措施。这样的做法与市场经济的基本准则是一致的。一些国家相继解除了对于能源价格的管制,使得能源价格由市场的
Most countries in the world focus on energy saving Since the oil crisis of the 1970s, governments of all countries have formulated various policies and measures to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Most of these policies and measures can be included in the mandatory categories. In the 1980s, market economy countries such as Europe and the United States realized that the response of different stakeholders to the market economy signals was much faster and more effective than that of government policies and regulations. Therefore, where possible, they try their best to adopt recommended measures. This approach is consistent with the basic norms of a market economy. Some countries have successively lifted their control over the price of energy and made the price of energy from the market