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目的分析杭州市余杭区轮状病毒腹泻发病流行特征、趋势及与气象因素关系,提出防治建议。方法对法定传染病报告系统中余杭区2008-2010年轮状病毒腹泻监测报告病例进行流行病学分析;并将日发病数与气象因素进行多元线性回归分析。结果 2008-2010年余杭区轮状病毒腹泻发病率分别为150.76/10万、125.65/10万、245.60/10万;病例主要集中在闲林镇、乔司镇、临平街道、余杭镇及仓前镇五个流动人口较为聚集的乡镇;发病高峰主要在每年的11-12月;病例集中于2岁及以下散居儿童(发病率6 609.95/10万);男性发病率明显高于女性(χ2=225.25,P=0.001);医院监测数据显示每年的11-12月份检测阳性率明显高于其他月份(χ2=94.87,P=0.001)。轮状病毒腹泻发病率与日平均气温(℃)、湿度(%)和能见度(km)呈负相关。结论余杭区轮状病毒腹泻流行特征与国内外情况基本一致,发病高峰出现在每年的10-12月份,流动人口聚集区域高发,2岁及以下散居儿童所占比例最大,临床检测阳性率与流行趋势一致。发病率主要受气温、湿度和能见度的影响,呈负相关。建议加大对重点人群尤其是2岁及以下儿童在气温和湿度较低的秋冬季节对轮状病毒腹泻的防护和宣教工作,采取积极有效的防治措施,控制轮状病毒腹泻的暴发。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of rotavirus diarrhea in Yuhang District of Hangzhou City and its relationship with meteorological factors and put forward prevention and treatment suggestions. Methods Epidemiological analysis of rotavirus diarrhea monitoring reports from 2008 to 2010 in Yuhang District of Legal Notifiable Infectious Diseases reporting system was conducted. Multiple linear regression analysis was made between the number of daily morbidity and meteorological factors. Results The incidence of rotavirus diarrhea in Yuhang District was 150.76 / 100000, 125.65 / 100000 and 245.60 / 100000 respectively from 2008 to 2010. The cases were mainly concentrated in Xiulin, Qiaosi, Linping, Yuhang and warehouses The former peaked in townships and towns where the floating population is relatively concentrated; the peak incidence peaked from November to December each year; the cases were concentrated in diasporas aged 2 years and under (the incidence was 6 609.95 / 100,000); the incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females = 225.25, P = 0.001). The monitoring data of the hospital showed that the positive rate of detection in November-December was obviously higher than that in other months (χ2 = 94.87, P = 0.001). The incidence of rotavirus diarrhea was negatively correlated with the mean daily temperature (° C), humidity (%) and visibility (km). Conclusion The prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea in Yuhang District is basically the same as that of other countries at home and abroad. The peak incidence appears in the October-December of each year. The floating population area is high, and the proportion of children aged 2 and below is the largest. The positive rate and prevalence of clinical testing The same trend. The incidence was mainly negatively correlated with temperature, humidity and visibility. It is suggested to step up protection and missionary work on prevention and treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in key populations, especially children 2 years of age and younger, in the autumn and winter with lower temperature and humidity, and take active and effective prevention and control measures to control the outbreak of rotavirus diarrhea.