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本文对比分析了在现有机型上采用扩缸和增压方法对柴油机燃烧组织、工作过程、机械负荷与热负荷以及整机性能的影响。扩缸在工作过程组织上与原机无本质上的区别，在提高功率的同时，机械负荷加大，强度下降。增压则使柴油机工作过程发生较大变化：压缩、膨胀过程中ｎ１减小，ｎ２增大，且随转速变化的趋势不同；燃烧过程中，滞燃期、燃烧持续期明显缩短，燃烧放热率在高速区呈单峰曲线；机械负荷增大，热负荷无明显变化；整机性能上功率增加较大，经济性、噪声、排放等指标优于扩缸方法，但在低速大负荷区需采取一定措施。
In this paper, the effects of expanding cylinder and supercharging method on the combustion organization, work process, mechanical load and heat load of diesel engine and the performance of the whole machine are compared and analyzed in the existing models. Expansion tank in the working process of the organization and the original machine no essential difference in improving the power at the same time, the mechanical load increases, the intensity decreased. During the process of compression, the n1 decreases and n2 increases, and the trend of change with speed is different. In the process of combustion, the ignition delay and combustion duration are significantly shortened, and the combustion heat is exothermic The rate of single-peak curve in the high-speed zone; mechanical load increases, no significant changes in heat load; power on the performance of a larger increase, economy, noise, emissions and other indicators outgrow the cylinder method, but in low-speed large load area Take some measures.