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在分析地区收入差距时最常见的是运用变异系数、基尼系数、泰尔指数等统计手法。在很多研究中都可以看到用变异系数、基尼系数、泰尔指数这些统计手法测算的我国各地区人均国民收入差距,其变化的倾向基本上是相同的。其中,在分析地区收入不平等度和密度、或者差异的时候,基尼系数和洛伦茨曲线被频繁地使用。由于基尼系数是对应洛伦茨曲线图的面积计算的,它最大的优点是可以从直观上把握不平等度的大小。但是,值得注意的是仅凭基尼系数是无法从本质上说明一国的收入水平和收入差距的现状的。其理由如下:
In analyzing the regional income disparity is the most common use of the coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, Theil index and other statistical methods. In many studies, we can see that the national income gap per capita in various areas of our country is basically the same with the variation coefficient, the Gini coefficient and the Theil index. Among them, the Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve are frequently used in analyzing regional income inequality and density, or differences. Since the Gini coefficient is calculated according to the area of the Lorenz curve, its biggest advantage is that it can intuitively grasp the magnitude of the degree of inequality. However, it is noteworthy that the mere Gini coefficient alone can not explain the current status of a country’s income level and income disparity. The reasons are as follows: