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本文将收购的12408张干獭皮随机抽样75份和捕獭现场的新鲜獭皮545张,经细菌培养和小白鼠接种,试验结果均为阴性。用鼠疫菌感染喜马拉雅旱獭,对染疫獭皮180张、獭尾60个,獭足120只,做了染疫獭皮鼠疫菌存活时间和再感染能力的试验。研究结果表明,晾晒组:5％来苏儿组16小时失去对小白鼠的再感染能力,盐拌组20小时,未经任何处理组是28小时。阴干组:5％来苏儿组8天失去再感染能力,盐拌组10天,未处理组14天。獭足和獭尾带菌时间个别长达40天,若冰冻可长达5个月之久。实验得出日光晾晒和食盐拌獭皮,是捕獭人员乐于接受的既经济又简便的灭菌方法,值得推广应用。为了旱獭皮的安全利用,剥皮时应除去獭足和獭尾,延长獭皮在现场的存放时间约20余天方可出售,以保证运输和加工的安全。本项实验首次提出了鼠疫菌在染疫獭皮、獭足、獭尾上经不同方法处理及不同外环境对它的影响,为鼠疫菌在机体外的生存能力提供了新的研究数据。
In this paper, the acquisition of 12408 dry otter skin random samples of 75 and otter live fresh otter skin 545, after bacterial culture and mice inoculated, the test results were negative. Infection of Himalayan Marmot with Yersinia pestis, 180 strains of otter skin, 60 pieces of otter and 120 pieces of otter were made, which made the test of survival time and re-infection ability of plague otus. The results show that: drying group: 5% to the Soviet Union group 16 hours lost mouse re-infection ability, salt mix group 20 hours, without any treatment group is 28 hours. Dry group: 5% to the Soviet Union group lost the ability to re-infection 8 days, salt mixed group 10 days, untreated group for 14 days. Otter foot and otter carrying bacteria time up to 40 days, if the ice can be as long as 5 months. Experiments obtained sun drying salt and mixed otter skin, otter staff willing to accept both economical and simple method of sterilization, it is worth promoting the application. For the safe use of otter skin, otter and otter should be removed when peeling, prolongation of otter skin in the field for about 20 days before sale, to ensure the safety of transportation and processing. This experiment for the first time proposed the Yersinia pestis in otter skin, otter foot, otter tail by different methods to deal with and different external environment on it, providing a new research data for Y. pestis outside the organism’s viability.