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目的探讨石家庄市妇产医院先天性心脏病(先心病)的发生率、发生特征。方法对我院2008年1月~2012年10月间住院分娩或引产的先心病出生缺陷进行回顾性分析。结果 5年间共检出先心病出生缺陷255例,先心病出生缺陷发生率为5.3‰,占所有出生缺陷的首位,且发生率呈逐年上升趋势;先心病前4位出生缺陷类型依次为室间隔缺损、心内膜垫缺损、房间隔缺损和大动脉转位,其中室间隔缺损是最主要的先心病中类型;先心病出生缺陷的孕母孕早期发热率显著高于非先心病出生缺陷的孕母(χ~2=4.25,P<0.05);文化程度低的孕母娩出先心病出生缺陷的发生率明显升高(χ~2=438.97,P<0.005);农村居住的孕母娩出先心病出生缺陷的发生率明显高于在城市居住的孕母(χ~2=106.68,P<0.005);女性先心病出生缺陷的发生率明显高于男性(χ~2=6.17,P<0.05)。结论先心病出生缺陷是最常见的出生缺陷,女性多于男性,农村高于城市,且发病率逐年升高;先心病出生缺陷可能与孕母孕早期发热、性染色体遗传有关;父母的文化程度也会影响其发生率。
Objective To investigate the incidence and characteristics of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Shijiazhuang Maternity Hospital. Methods Retrospective analysis of birth defects of congenital heart disease in our hospital from January 2008 to October 2012 in hospital delivery or induction of labor. Results 255 cases of congenital birth defects were detected in 5 years. The incidence of birth defects in congenital heart disease was 5.3 ‰, accounting for the first place of all birth defects, and the incidence increased year by year. The types of birth defects in the first 4 cases were ventricular septum Defects, endocardial cushion defect, atrial septal defect and aortic transposition, of which ventricular septal defect is the most important type of congenital heart disease; pregnant women with congenital heart defects in early pregnancy fever rate was significantly higher than non-congenital birth defects in pregnancy (Χ ~ 2 = 4.25, P <0.05). The incidence of birth defects of first birth was significantly higher in pregnant women with lower educational level (χ ~ 2 = 438.97, P <0.005) The incidence of birth defects was significantly higher than that of pregnant women living in cities (χ ~ 2 = 106.68, P <0.005). The incidence of birth defects in women with CHD was significantly higher than that of men (χ ~ 2 = 6.17, P <0.05). Conclusions Birth defects in congenital heart disease are the most common birth defects. There are more female than male and rural areas are higher than those in urban areas. The incidence of congenital heart disease is increasing year by year. The birth defects of congenital heart disease may be related to the fever and sex chromosome of pregnant women in early pregnancy. The educational level of parents Will also affect the incidence.