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本文介绍了空间碎片/流星粒子对空间站的危害和国际空间站采取的被动防护措施——防护屏技术。国际空间站采用了100多种防护屏,但全部源于三种基本的防护屏概念,即Whipple屏、夹层Whipple屏/多冲击屏和网状双缓冲屏。文中还简要介绍了防护屏的超高速撞击试验技术和航天服在抗空间碎片/流星粒子方面的考虑。最后建议对我国可能发展的空间站等长期在轨设备在设计之初就应考虑对空间碎片/流星粒子的防护。
This article describes the hazards of space debris / meteor particles to the space station and the passive protective measures taken by the ISS-screen technology. The ISS employs more than 100 screens, but all stems from three basic screen concepts: the Whipple screen, the laminated Whipple screen / multiple impact screen and the mesh double buffer screen. The article also briefly introduced the protective screen of ultra-high-speed impact test technology and space suit in space debris / meteor particle considerations. Finally, it is suggested that long-term on-orbit equipment such as space stations that may be developed in our country should consider the protection of space debris / meteor particles at the beginning of the design.