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目的:用加工-分离程序研究抽动-秽语综合征患者的外显记忆与内隐记忆特点。方法:采用配对病例对照研究设计,选取确诊的抽动-秽语综合征患者及匹配健康对照者各26例,用加工-分离程序的方法测定其意识性提取及自动提取在再认测验中的贡献。结果:①与健康对照组相比,抽动-秽语综合征患者的外显记忆显著低于对照组(t=2.210,P<0.05),内隐记忆差异无显著性意义。②按年龄分层比较后,病例组7～8岁年龄段的外显记忆(第一阶段意识性提取值和自动提取值分别为0.58±0.12,0.34±0.34)与同年龄对照组(第一阶段意识性提取值和自动提取值分别为0.44±0.14,0.32±0.23)相比,差异有显著性意义(t=2.20,P<0.05),其他年龄段差异无显著性意义。病例组各个年龄段的内隐记忆与对照组相比,差异均无显著性意义。结论:抽动-秽语综合征患者的外显记忆受损而内隐记忆正常,说明外显记忆与内隐记忆属于两个独立的记忆系统。
OBJECTIVE: To study the explicit and implicit memory characteristics of patients with Tourette’s syndrome with a process-separation procedure. Methods: A matched case-control study was designed. Twenty-six patients with confirmed Tourette’s syndrome and matched healthy controls were selected, and the contribution of conscious extraction and automatic extraction in the recognition test were determined by the process-separation procedure. Results: (1) Compared with the healthy control group, the explicit memory of Tourette’s syndrome patients was significantly lower than that of the control group (t = 2.210, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in implicit memory. (2) After stratified by age, the explicit memory of the patients in the age group of 7-8 years (the first-stage consciously extracted value and automatically extracted value were 0.58 ± 0.12 and 0.34 ± 0.34, respectively) and the same age control group (T = 2.20, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in other age groups. Implicit memory in all age groups in the case group compared with the control group, the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Implicit Tourette’s syndrome patients with impaired explicit memory implicit memory normal, indicating that explicit memory and implicit memory belong to two separate memory systems.