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油井出水是目前油田开采中存在的一个普遍问题。众所周知,油井开采过程中,一般先产出油和气,随着油水边缘的推进,由于油层的非均质性和油水流度比的差异,造成推进速度不均,高渗透性地层水的推进速度快,特别是注水开发油田,油井含水逐年增加,直接威胁着油田的高产稳产。同时,堵水工作量以及地面油水分离的费用也随之增加。例如,苏联1970年随原油产出水量为2.8亿方,1975年为4.2亿方,1978年达9亿方,美国1974年12月的石油储量总数(地质)为
Oil well water is currently a common problem in the field of oil exploration. As we all know, the oil well production process, the general first oil and gas production, with the advance of oil and water, due to the reservoir heterogeneity and oil-water flow ratio differences, resulting in uneven advancing velocity, high permeability formation water propulsion speed Fast, especially in waterflooding oilfields, oil well water increases year by year, a direct threat to the high and stable yield of the oilfield. At the same time, the cost of plugging water and the separation of oil and water on the ground also increases. For example, the Soviet Union produced 280 million cubic meters of water with crude oil in 1970, 420 million in 1975 and 900 million in 1978. The total oil reserves (geology) of the United States in December 1974 were