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私营工商业在新民主主义的中国是有重要地位的。「保护民族工商业」,这是毛泽东同志在一九四七年十二月的著名讲演「目前形势和我们的任务」中所规定的新民主主义的三大经济纲颔之一。共同纲领第三十条规定:「凡有利于国计民生的私营经济事业,人民政府应鼓励其经营的积极性,并扶助其发展。」但是,今天中国的私营工商业面对看三个基本问题:第一,是与国家经济的关系问题;第二,是劳资关系问题;第三,是私营工商业自身的改造问题。只有这三方面的问题都合理解决了,中国私营工商业才有在新中国存在和发展的可能。关于前两个问题,政府已分别与工商界代表和工会组织协商,定出了正确的方针办法,并正在逐步实施。除此以外,全国民族工商业家还须作巨大努力的工作,是私营工商业本身的改造。
Private industry and commerce have an important place in the new-democratic China. “Protecting National Industry and Commerce” is one of the three major economic platforms for new democracies set forth in Comrade Mao Tse-tung’s famous speech “The Current Situation and Our Task” in December 1947. Article 30 of the Common Program stipulates: “Where the privately-owned economic undertakings are conducive to national economy and the people’s livelihood, the people’s government should encourage its enthusiasm for business and help its development.” However, today China’s private industry and commerce face three basic problems: First , The issue of the relationship with the national economy; secondly, the issue of the relationship between labor and capital; and third, the problem of the transformation of the private industry and commerce itself. Only in all three aspects can we reasonably solve the problem that China’s private industry and commerce have the possibility of existence and development in new China. As regards the first two issues, the government has consulted with business representatives and trade unions respectively to set forth the correct guidelines and principles and is gradually implementing it. In addition, the work of the nation’s national business people, who must make tremendous efforts, is the transformation of the private industry and commerce themselves.