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目的通过了解西安市水痘发病水平和流行特征,为制定防制规划和评价实施效果提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中报告的水痘病例信息进行综合分析。结果 2011—2013年西安市累计报告水痘病例7 920例,年均发病率为31.03/10万;发病集中在4—6月以及11月至次年1月,形成两个发病高峰,其发病数占全年发病总数的71.89%;发病主要集中在学生和托幼儿童中;以城区和邻近城区的地区发病为主。结论目前水痘已经成为严重危害儿童青少年身体健康的重要病种,建议国家有关部门将该病种纳入法定报告管理。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of chickenpox in Xi’an and provide the basis for formulating prevention and control plan and evaluating the implementation effect. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to make a comprehensive analysis of varicella cases reported in China’s disease prevention and control information system. Results A total of 7 920 chickenpox cases were reported in Xi’an from 2011 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 31.03 / 100 000. The incidence was concentrated in April-June and November-January of the following year, Accounting for 71.89% of the total incidence of the year; the incidence mainly concentrated in students and nurseries; the main urban areas and adjacent urban areas. Conclusions At present, chickenpox has become an important disease that seriously endangers the health of children and adolescents. It is suggested that relevant departments of the state should incorporate this disease into statutory report management.