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目的探讨经颅多普勒超声在颅脑外伤病人早期脑血管痉挛诊断中的临床价值。方法择取2015年1月—2016年1月受伤后24h内入院治疗的颅脑外伤病人36例,分别于入院后第1天、第2天、第4天、第8天、第14天进行经颅多普勒超声检查,测定病人大脑中动脉平均血流速度,与同期30名健康体检者进行比较,按是否合并蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)进行脑血管痉挛发生率比较。结果颅脑外伤组受伤第2天、第4天、第8天、第14天大脑中动脉平均血流速度(VmMCA)水平均较健康体检组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);合并SAH组脑血管痉挛发生率较未合并SAH组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用经颅多普勒超声检查诊断颅脑外伤具有操作简便、无创、准确可靠特点,可及时发现早期脑血管痉挛,具有良好的临床价值。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of transcranial Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of early cerebral vasospasm in patients with traumatic brain injury. Methods Thirty-six patients with traumatic brain injury who were hospitalized within 24 hours after injury were selected on January 1, January 2, April 4, 8 and 14 after admission Transcranial Doppler echocardiography was performed to determine the average velocity of the middle cerebral artery in patients with cerebrovascular diseases compared with 30 healthy subjects at the same period. The incidence of cerebral vasospasm was compared according to whether the patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Results The mean arterial blood flow velocity (VmMCA) levels in the traumatic brain injury group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group on day 2, day 4, day 8 and day 14 (P <0.05) The incidence of cerebral vasospasm in SAH group was significantly higher than that in non-SAH group (P <0.05). Conclusion Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography diagnosis of craniocerebral trauma has the advantages of easy operation, noninvasive, accurate and reliable, can be found in early cerebral vasospasm, has good clinical value.