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目的:分析医院2014年度门诊患者处方抗菌药物的使用情况,并对其不合理使用处方作一评价。方法:抽取医院2014年1—12月间(每月15日)门诊患者处方5 864张,应用Microsoft Office Excel软件对处方中抗菌药物的使用情况作一分析,并对其不合理使用处方作一评价。结果:在抽取的处方中,使用抗菌药物处方2 521张(42.99%),使用抗菌药物类型主要为青霉素类、头孢菌素类、氟喹诺酮类、β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类这5类;抗菌药物联用方式以一联者使用率为69.85%、二联者为20.98%、三联及以上者用药率为9.16%;其中224张抗菌药物处方中存在不合理使用的情况,占总抽查处方数的3.82%,占抗菌药物处方数的8.89%,不合理使用类型包括用药指征不明确、药物剂量不合理、用药时间不当、联用不合理、给药次数不合理、溶媒使用不当和配伍禁忌。结论:门诊患者抗菌药物处方存在不合理使用现象,应予有效的药学干预,以提高抗菌药物合理使用水平。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the use of antibacterial drugs prescribed by outpatients in the hospital in 2014 and make an evaluation on the unreasonable use of prescriptions. Methods: A total of 5 864 prescriptions were collected from outpatients in the hospital from January to December 2014 (on the 15th of each month). The use of antimicrobial agents in prescriptions was analyzed by using Microsoft Office Excel software. Evaluation. Results: Of the prescriptions extracted, 2 521 tablets (42.99%) were prescribed by antibacterials. The main types of antibacterials used were penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, β-lactams and macrolides 5; antibacterials combined use of a combination of the rate was 69.85%, two were 20.98%, triple and above medication rate was 9.16%; of which 224 prescription antibacterial use of unreasonable cases, accounting for 3.82% of the total number of random checks, accounting for 8.89% of the number of antibacterial drugs, the types of irrational use, including drug indications are not clear, the drug dose is not reasonable, improper medication time, the combination of unreasonable, unreasonable number of doses, solvent use Improper and incompatible. Conclusion: There is an unreasonable use of antimicrobial prescriptions in outpatients, and effective pharmacological intervention should be given to improve the rational use of antimicrobial agents.