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人免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染者常常以自身免疫系统的过度活化为其显著特征,并且HIV疾病进展与自身的免疫活化程度密切相关。调节性T细胞(Treg)在维持机体免疫耐受和免疫应答稳态方面发挥着重要的作用。在HIV-1感染者中,Treg不仅限制机体的过度免疫活化,而且可能抑制针对HIV-1特异的细胞免疫应答;因此,Treg对HIV疾病进展的影响是利是弊,至今尚无定论。对此,深入了解HIV感染者中Treg“量”和“质”的变化及其在HIV感染中的作用,不仅有助于解决目前有关“Treg在HIV病程进展中作用”的争论,而且将有助于设计抗HIV的方案,以期为今后艾滋病的治疗和疫苗的研究提供新的靶点以及提供新的思路和理论参考。
HIV-1 infection is often characterized by over-activation of the autoimmune system, and the progression of HIV disease is closely related to its own degree of immune activation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in maintaining the body’s immune tolerance and immune response homeostasis. In HIV-1 infected individuals, Treg not only limits the body’s overactivation but also inhibits HIV-1-specific cellular immune responses; therefore, the impact of Treg on HIV disease progression is both pros and cons and is inconclusive. In this regard, in-depth understanding of Treg in patients with HIV infection and quality changes and their role in HIV infection, not only help to solve the current “Treg in HIV progression” And will help design anti-HIV programs with a view to providing new targets for the future treatment of AIDS and vaccine research as well as providing new ideas and theoretical references.