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目的研究慢性阻塞性肺疾病的常见致病菌分布及耐药性分析。方法收集本院2013—2015年收住入院的COPD患者625例。对625例COPD患者的痰标本进行细菌培养和药敏检测。结果本研究选取的慢性阻塞性肺炎患者血液内的主要病原菌是革兰氏阴性菌,数量远多于革兰氏阳性菌和真菌(P<0.05)。此类致病菌对庆大霉素有较强的耐药性,普遍在60%以上,肺炎链球菌、金葡菌对氨苄西林100%敏感。分析革兰阳性菌与革兰阴性菌的代表金黄色葡萄球菌与肺炎克雷伯菌近三年的耐药性,发现总体上呈逐年上升的趋势。结论 COPD患者的致病菌不一样,且目前细菌耐药现状严峻,临床医师使用抗生素时应根据患者的综合评估、细菌耐药性情况,制定合理的抗感染治疗方案。
Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogens in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods A total of 625 COPD patients admitted to our hospital from 2013 to 2015 were collected. The sputum samples of 625 COPD patients were tested for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity. Results The main pathogens in the blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease selected in this study were Gram-negative bacteria, far more than Gram-positive bacteria and fungi (P <0.05). Such pathogens on gentamicin have strong resistance, generally more than 60%, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus ampicillin 100% sensitive. Analysis of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria representative of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance in recent three years and found that the overall trend was increasing year by year. Conclusion The pathogens in patients with COPD are not the same, and the current status of bacterial resistance is grim. When using antibiotics, clinicians should draw up a reasonable anti-infective treatment plan according to the comprehensive evaluation of patients and bacterial resistance.