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本文在调查统计的基础上,提出了客、货车车轴的使用寿命管理办法。本文还分析了车轴的冷切原因,测定了车轴应力与裂纹扩展速度的关系。作者认为,在正常情况下,运用轴上的裂纹扩展过程相当缓慢,几乎处于稳定扩展阶段,只要严禁超载运输,控制车轴的应力水平,即可控制裂纹扩展。车轴检修中必须严格探伤,杜绝漏探,及时检查出轮座部位深1mm以上的裂纹及轴身裂纹,即可防止车轴发生冷切事故。
Based on the investigation and statistics, this paper puts forward the service life management methods of passenger and freight car axles. The paper also analyzes the reason of the cold cutting of the axle and determines the relationship between the axle stress and the crack propagation speed. The author believes that under normal circumstances, the use of crack propagation on the shaft is relatively slow, almost stable expansion phase, as long as the overload transport is prohibited, the control of the axle stress level, you can control the crack growth. Shaft inspection must be strictly flaw detection, to prevent missed exploration, timely detection of the seat seat more than 1mm deep cracks and shaft cracks, to prevent cold-cut accidents occurred axles.