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研究不同水平钙对氟中毒大鼠肾脏损伤的影响,为探索有效防治氟中毒患者的钙制剂剂量的选择提供理论依据。选用健康的21日龄Wistar雄性大鼠50只,随机将其分成5组,每组10只,分为对照组、高氟组(含150mg·kg-1 F-)、高氟低钙组(含150mg·kg-1 F-+2%CaCO3)、高氟中钙组(含150mg·kg-1 F-+3%CaCO3)、高氟高钙组(含150mg·kg-1 F-+4%CaCO3)。试验进行60d后,取各组大鼠血液测血清钙(Ca)、磷(P)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(SCr)的含量;然后取出肾组织称重并计算脏器指数,测定肾组织中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的含量;采用免疫组织化学法检测大鼠肾组织CD11及TNF-α蛋白的表达。结果显示:与对照组相比,高氟组体质量显著降低(P<0.01),血清P含量显著升高(P<0.05),高氟组肾脏中LDH、SDH、ALP含量增加(P<0.01),TNF-α及CD11蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01);与高氟组比较,高氟低钙组和高氟中钙组体质量上升(P<0.05),血清Ca和P含量显著降低,LDH、ALP及SDH含量显著降低,在高氟低钙组中TNF-α及CD11蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01);与高氟组比较,高氟高钙组大鼠脏器指数变化无明显差异(P>0.05),BUN、SCr含量显著升高(P<0.05),酶含量无明显变化(P>0.05),LDH、ALP及SDH含量无显著差异,TNF-α及CD11蛋白表达差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,高剂量的氟可造成肾脏功能的多方面损伤,低中剂量的钙可以不同程度地减轻氟对肾脏的毒性作用,对肾组织具有一定程度的保护作用,但过量的钙不但没有缓解氟对肾脏的毒性作用,反而加剧肾脏功能的损伤。
To study the effect of different levels of calcium on renal injury induced by fluorosis in rats, and to provide a theoretical basis for exploring effective dosage of calcium preparations in patients with fluorosis. Fifty healthy Wistar male rats of 21 days old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 rats in each group, which were divided into control group, high fluoride group (containing 150 mg · kg -1 F-), high fluoride and low calcium group Containing 150 mg · kg-1 F- + 2% CaCO3), high fluoride medium calcium group (containing 150 mg · kg-1 F- + 3% CaCO3) % CaCO3). Sixty days after the experiment, the contents of Ca, P, BUN and SCr in the blood of each group were measured; then the kidneys were weighed and the organ index was calculated, The contents of LDH, SDH and ALP in renal tissue were measured. The expression of CD11 and TNF-α in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemical method. Compared with the control group, the body mass of the high fluoride group was significantly lower (P <0.01) and the serum P level was significantly increased (P <0.05), and the levels of LDH, SDH and ALP in the high fluoride group were increased (P <0.01). Compared with the high fluoride group, the body weight of high fluoride and low fluoride group and high fluoride and medium calcium group increased (P <0.05), and the contents of Ca and P in serum were significantly increased (P <0.01). Compared with high fluoride group, the indexes of organ in high fluoride and high calcium group were significantly lower than those in high fluoride and high calcium group There was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The contents of BUN and SCr were significantly increased (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in enzyme content (P> 0.05) The difference was not significant (P> 0.05). The results showed that high doses of fluoride can cause various aspects of renal damage, low and medium doses of calcium to varying degrees, reduce the toxicity of fluorine on the kidney, to a certain extent, renal tissue protection, but not only did not relieve excess calcium Fluorine on the toxic effects of the kidney, but exacerbated the impairment of renal function.