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目的了解安徽省合肥市、芜湖市、马鞍山市妇女孕前家用化学品的使用情况,探讨其影响因素。方法选择2008年10月—2010年10月在安徽省三市妇幼保健部门进行首次孕产期保健体检、调查资料完整的13 090名妇女为研究对象。采用有序结果 Logistic回归模型分析妇女孕前半年家用化学品使用情况的影响因素。结果妇女孕前半年美白霜的使用率最高,有19.5%的人每天都使用;其他家用化学品的使用率较低。多因素有序结果 Logistic回归表明,与孕前使用家用化学品有关的因素包括:孕妇年龄≤24岁(OR=1.401,95%CI:1.247~1.571)、孕妇年龄25~29岁(OR=1.198,95%CI:1.088~1.320)、孕前体质指数(BMI)<18.5 kg/m2(OR=2.004,95%CI:1.684~2.482)、孕前BMI为18.5~24.99 kg/m2(OR=1.664,95%CI:1.383~2.002)、孕妇文化程度为初中及以下(OR=0.868,95%CI:0.773~0.975)、所在城市为芜湖(OR=1.252,95%CI:1.142~1.374)、有妇科感染史(OR=1.305,95%CI:1.207~1.411)、孕前半年服用过避孕药(OR=1.562,95%CI:1.390~1.756)、有吸烟史(OR=1.305,95%CI:1.082~1.573)、有饮酒史(OR=2.234,95%CI:1.872~2.670)、服用或注射过药物(OR=1.452,95%CI:1.347~1.564)。结论芜湖市的家用化学品使用率高于合肥、马鞍山;孕妇低龄、孕前低BMI、孕妇较高的文化程度、有妇科感染史、孕前半年服用过避孕药、有吸烟史、有饮酒史、服用或注射过药物是妇女孕前使用家用化学品的正向关联因素。
Objective To understand the use of household chemicals before pregnancy in Hefei, Wuhu and Ma’anshan, Anhui Province, and to explore the influencing factors. Methods From October 2008 to October 2010, the first maternity health examination was conducted in MCH department of three cities in Anhui Province, and 13 090 women with complete data were selected as the research object. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence factors of household chemicals usage in the first half of pregnancy. As a result, women had the highest rate of use of whitening cream in the first six months of pregnancy, with 19.5% using daily; other household chemicals were less frequently used. Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors related to the use of household chemicals during pregnancy were as follows: pregnant women ≤24 years old (OR = 1.401,95% CI: 1.247-1.571), pregnant women aged 25-29 years (OR = 1.198, (OR = 2.004, 95% CI: 1.684-2.482), pre-pregnancy BMI 18.5-24.99 kg / m2 (OR = 1.664, 95% CI: 95% CI: 1.088-1.320), pre-pregnancy body mass index CI: 1.383-2.002). The educational level of pregnant women was junior high school and below (OR = 0.868,95% CI: 0.773-0.975), and the city was Wuhu (OR = 1.252,95% CI: 1.142-1.374) (OR = 1.305, 95% CI: 1.207-1.411). Before the first half of pregnancy, the contraceptives were taken (OR = 1.562,95% CI: 1.390-1.756) (OR = 2.234, 95% CI: 1.872-2.670), taking or injecting drugs (OR = 1.452, 95% CI: 1.347-1.564). Conclusions The utilization rate of household chemicals in Wuhu City is higher than that in Hefei and Ma’anshan. The pregnant women have a low age, low BMI before pregnancy, a high educational level of pregnant women, a history of gynecological infections, contraceptives used in the first half of pregnancy, a history of smoking, a drinking history, Or injecting medication is a positive link to the use of household chemicals before pregnancy.