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Ｐ＿（５３）基因是迄今发现与人类肿瘤相关性最多的基因，野生型Ｐ＿（５３）基因的丢失或失活可能是细胞转化和肿瘤产生的重要步骤。本项研究，通过对３０例结、直肠癌患者手术后活检标本的分析，探讨中国人群中结、直肠癌Ｐ＿（５３）基因失活突变在不同突变位点上的分布状态，并认为Ｐ＿（５３）基因的Ａｒｇ─１７５─Ｈｉｓ是失活突变热点。在此基础上对肿瘤标本Ｐ＿（５３）基因突变与切除范围之外的边缘组织进行了比较，２０例病人突变仅存在于肿瘤组织而正常组织没有突变。有两例患者，在肿瘤组织和边缘组织中均存在突变，边缘组织突变是杂合型，提示了患者的预后不良。
The gene P_ (53) is by far the most closely related to human tumors. The loss or inactivation of wild-type P_ (53) gene may be an important step in cell transformation and tumorigenesis. In this study, the biopsy specimens of 30 patients with colorectal cancer after surgery were analyzed to investigate the distribution of P_ (53) inactivation mutations at different sites in Chinese population. It is considered that P_ ( 53) Gene Arg-175-His is a hot spot for inactivation mutations. On the basis of this, we compared the marginal tissues outside the range of excision and resection of the P53 gene in the tumor specimens. Only 20 of the 20 patients had mutations in the tumor tissues and no mutations in the normal tissues. Two patients had mutations in the tumor tissue and marginal tissue, and the marginal tissue mutation was heterozygous, suggesting a poor prognosis in the patient.