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目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病( COPD) 、 COPD伴呼吸衰竭及COPD伴心力衰竭患者之间的血清胆碱酯酶活性差异并分析其临床意义.方法 回顾性分析我院2011 ~2014 年住院的505 例COPD患者的临床资料, 分为单纯COPD 组208 例、 COPD 合并呼吸衰竭组115 例及 COPD 合并心力衰竭组182例, 比较血清胆碱酯酶在3 组之间的差异.结果 血清胆碱酯酶活性在单纯 COPD 组、 COPD 合并呼吸衰竭组及COPD合并心力衰竭组递次降低, 差异具有统计学意义( P <0. 05) , 尤其是 COPD 合并心力衰竭组血清胆碱酯酶活性较单纯COPD组和COPD合并呼吸衰竭组降低非常明显.结论 血清胆碱酯酶活性对于临床区分单纯COPD、 COPD合并呼吸衰竭和 COPD 合并心力衰竭进而提示对 COPD 合并心力衰竭患者进行早期干预治疗以减少死亡率具有临床意义.“,”Objective To assess the alteration of serum cholinesterase activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) patients with respiratory failure or heart failure. Methods 505 patients with COPD from 2011 to 2014 in our hospital were selected and the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, there were 208 cases without respiratory failure or heart failure, 115 cases with respiratory failure and 182 cases with heart failure. Serum cholinesterase activity in these three groups of pa-tients was compared. Results Serum cholinesterase activity in simple COPD patients, COPD patients with respiratory failure and COPD patients with heart failure was decreased successively. There were significant differences between three groups of patients (P<0. 05). Serum cholinesterase activity in COPD patients with heart failure was lower than those in simple COPD patients and in COPD patients with respiratory failure. Conclusion Serum cholinesterase activity could be used to distinguish simple COPD, COPD with respiratory failure and COPD with heart failure.