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目的掌握浙江省海宁市主要病媒生物种群密度及其消长规律,为控制病媒生物的危害提供科学依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法监测蚊密度,笼诱法监测蝇密度,粘捕法监测蜚蠊密度,夹夜法监测鼠密度。结果 2009-2012年海宁市蚊类平均密度为2.31只/(灯·h),以淡色/致倦库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕获总数的80.23%;蝇密度指数为5.21只/笼,优势种为家蝇和大头金蝇,分别占捕获总数的55.40%和27.46%;蜚蠊密度为0.53只/张,优势种为德国小蠊,占捕获总数的90.35%;鼠类捕获率为0.69%,优势种为小家鼠和褐家鼠,分别占捕获总数的44.27%和35.88%。蚊和蝇5月开始活动,蚊类于8月达到高峰,蝇类6-8月达到高峰;蜚蠊和鼠全年均有活动,3-10月蜚蠊密度较高,鼠密度高峰一般出现在9月。结论通过监测基本掌握了海宁市病媒生物的种群构成和季节消长规律,为媒介生物性疾病的防制提供了依据。
Objective To understand the population density and its growth and decline pattern of major vectors in Haining, Zhejiang Province, and to provide a scientific basis for controlling the harm of vector organisms. Methods The mosquito density was monitored by mosquito lamp method. The density of flies was monitored by cage induction method. The density of cockroaches was monitored by sticking catching method. Results The average density of mosquitoes in Haining from 2009 to 2012 was 2.31 / (lamp · h). The dominant species were Culex pipiens / Culex quinquefasciatus, accounting for 80.23% of the total number captured. The density index of flies was 5.21 / cage. Which accounted for 55.40% and 27.46% of the total catches respectively; the cockroach density was 0.53 / leaf, the dominant species was German cockroach, accounting for 90.35% of the total number captured; the capture rate of rodents was 0.69% The dominant species were Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus, accounting for 44.27% and 35.88% of the total catches respectively. Mosquitoes and flies started their activities in May, mosquitoes peaked in August and flies peaked in June-August. Cockroaches and mice all had activity throughout the year, with higher cockroaches from March to October and peak rat density generally In September. Conclusion The population structure and seasonal fluctuation pattern of vector organisms in Haining are basically mastered by monitoring, which provides a basis for prevention of vector biological diseases.