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2003年10月,党的十六届三中全会在正式提出科学发展观的同时,要求提高国家创新能力和国民整体素质,营造实施人才强国战略的体制环境。2006年1月,党中央、国务院召开新世纪第一次全国科学技术大会,明确提出了到2020年进入创新型国家的宏伟目标;并发布《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006—2020年)》,明确提出了“自主创新,重点跨越,支撑发展,引领未来”的新时期科技工作方针,对未来15年中国科技改革发展作出全面部署。
In October 2003, while the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee formally proposed the scientific concept of development, it demanded that the national innovation capacity and the overall quality of the people be raised and the institutional environment for implementing the strategy of strengthening the country by employing qualified personnel should be created. In January 2006, the Central Party Committee and the State Council held the first national science and technology conference in the new century, clearly setting the grand goal of entering an innovative country by 2020 and promulgating the Outline for the Medium and Long-term Scientific and Technological Development Plan of China (2006-2020 Year), “clearly set forth the scientific and technological work guidelines of the new era of” independent innovation, focusing on strides, supporting development and leading the future "and made overall plans for the development of China's science and technology in the next 15 years.