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目的探索超声引导下心包积液最佳穿刺点及防止积液复发的方法。方法回顾性分析超声引导下心包穿刺方法及术后复发率。结果患者取仰卧位为最佳体位,左腋前线或左腋前线至左锁骨中线间4、5肋间为最佳穿刺点,穿刺成功率可达100%。植入猪尾导管,采取间断性引流可减低积液再发及防止反复穿刺引起的损伤。结论超声引导心包穿刺是一种安全、快捷、有效、损伤小,且价格低廉的方法。
Objective To explore the best puncture point of pericardial effusion guided by ultrasound and to prevent the recurrence of effusion. Methods The ultrasound - guided pericardiocentesis method and postoperative recurrence rate were retrospectively analyzed. Results The supine position was the best position, and the best puncture point between left anterior axillary line or left anterior axillary line and left interclavicular midline between 4,5 and intercostal space was achieved. The puncture success rate could reach 100%. Implanted pigtail catheter, intermittent drainage can reduce recurrence of effusion and prevent repeated puncture-induced injury. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis is a safe, quick, effective, less damaging and less expensive method.