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目的研究乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH)1及胚胎干细胞关键因子Nanog蛋白在卵巢癌中的表达,探讨其临床意义。方法收集2006年至2013年妇产科收治手术治疗的100例患者的病理标本,其中60例确诊为卵巢癌(Ⅰ~Ⅱ期18例,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期42例)作为卵巢癌组,20例卵巢良性肿瘤(卵巢浆液性或黏液性囊腺瘤)作为良性肿瘤组,20例正常卵巢组织(子宫良性病变行全子宫加双附件切除)作为正常卵巢组。应用免疫组化技术检测ALDH1蛋白及Nanog蛋白在三组卵巢组织中的表达,并分析其表达与肿瘤病理分期及分化程度的相关性。结果 ALDH1蛋白及Nanog蛋白在三组卵巢组织中的表达水平和阳性率均不同,二者在卵巢癌组的表达水平和阳性率高于良性肿瘤组和正常卵巢组(P均<0.01),在良性肿瘤组与正常卵巢组间无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。ALDH1蛋白及Nanog蛋白在不同病理分期及不同分化程度卵巢癌组织中的表达水平和阳性率也不同,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P均<0.01),低分化高于高分化(P均<0.01)。结论 ALDH1蛋白及Nanog蛋白在卵巢癌组织均高表达,其与卵巢癌关系密切,有望成为新的卵巢癌表面标志物。
Objective To investigate the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1 and Nanog protein, a key factor of embryonic stem cells, in ovarian cancer and to explore its clinical significance. Methods A total of 100 patients with obstetrics and gynecology admitted to our department from 2006 to 2013 were enrolled in this study. 60 of them were diagnosed as ovarian cancer (18 cases in stage Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ, 42 cases in stage Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ) as ovarian cancer group, 20 cases Ovarian benign tumors (ovarian serous or mucinous cystadenoma) as a benign tumor group, 20 cases of normal ovarian tissue (uterine benign lesions plus double attachment resection) as a normal ovarian group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ALDH1 protein and Nanog protein in three groups of ovarian tissues. The correlation between the expression of ALDH1 protein and tumor grade and differentiation degree was analyzed. Results The expression level and positive rate of ALDH1 protein and Nanog protein in three groups of ovarian tissue were different. The expression level and positive rate of ALDH1 protein and Nanog protein in ovarian cancer group were higher than those in benign tumor group and normal ovary group (P <0.01) There was no significant difference between benign tumor group and normal ovary group (all P> 0.05). The expression level and positive rate of ALDH1 protein and Nanog protein were different in different pathological stages and different differentiation degrees of ovarian cancer tissues. The levels of ALDH1 protein and Nanog protein in Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ stage were higher than those in Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ stage (P <0.01) P <0.01). Conclusions Both ALDH1 protein and Nanog protein are highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues. They are closely related to ovarian cancer and are expected to become the new surface markers of ovarian cancer.