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目的对北京房山农村社区8a健康促进后的吸烟危害的知识、态度和行为进行较为全面的评价。方法1991—1992年在北京市房山区的5个乡按随机分组的方法分为干预区和对照区,针对心血管病分别采取加强干预和自然干预(对照区),并于当时和其后的1995、1997、1999年对两区分别进行抽样调查和评估。结果经过8a干预后,干预区和对照区人群对吸烟危害知识、态度都有不同程度的提高,但干预区在吸烟会影响血压的认知方面提高较对照区更加明显;行为方面,戒烟率在两区都有提高,但干预区提高明显,且差距逐年增大,虽吸烟指数两区都有不同程度增加,但干预区增加平缓,表明干预区对吸烟危害的知识、态度和行为的改变效果较明显,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而两区吸烟、戒烟和吸烟指数比较,经Z检验,差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论健康促进对于提高人群吸烟有害的知识、态度和促进戒烟是行之有效的。
Objective To provide a more comprehensive assessment of the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of smoking hazards after the health promotion in Beijing Fangshan rural community. METHODS: From 1991 to 1992, five townships in Fangshan District of Beijing were divided into intervention and control groups according to the method of randomization. Strengthened interventions and natural interventions (control areas) were applied to cardiovascular diseases, and they were at the time and thereafter. In 1995, 1997 and 1999, sample surveys and assessments were conducted on the two districts. Results After 8a intervention, the knowledge and attitudes about smoking hazards in the intervention zone and the control zone were improved to varying degrees. However, the cognition of smoking in the intervention zone affected the blood pressure more clearly than in the control zone. In terms of behavior, the smoking cessation rate was Both districts have improved, but the intervention area has increased significantly, and the gap has increased year by year. Although the smoking index has increased in different degrees in both areas, the intervention area has increased flatly, indicating that the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of smoking hazards are changed in the intervention area. Obviously, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The comparison of smoking, smoking cessation and smoking index between the two districts was not statistically significant by Z test (P>0.05). Conclusion Health promotion is effective for improving the knowledge and attitudes of people in smoking and promoting smoking cessation.