论文部分内容阅读
目的通过对昌黎县2004-2013年布鲁氏菌病(以下简称布病)疫情进行流行病学分析,掌握昌黎县布病流行特征,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对昌黎县2004-2013年间通过国家《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》上报的布病疫情资料进行分析。结果全县共报告185例病例,无死亡病例,年均发病率为3.33/10万。病例散在分布于全县16个乡镇;发病年龄在3~75岁之间,以25~64岁人群为主,占病例总数的89.73%(166/185);男女发病数之比为4∶1(148/37);职业分布以农民为主,占91.35%(169/185),其次为学生占2.70%(5/185)。全年均有发病,季节分布明显,病例集中在4~7月份,占病例总数的56.76%;5月和7月形成两个发病高峰,分别占病例总数的17.30%和18.38%。结论 2004-2013年昌黎县布病疫情呈上升趋势,今后卫生畜牧等多部门应携手联动,联防联控,采取以“畜间检疫,免疫、淘汰病畜和监测为主,健康宣教与行为干预为辅”的综合性防治措施,通过有效控制畜间布病疫情,尽快改掉与布病有关的不良生活习惯,以达到减少人群发病的目的。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Changli County from 2004 to 2013 (hereinafter referred to as brucellosis) and grasp the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Changli County so as to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of brucellosis reported in Changli County from 2004 to 2013 through the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. Results A total of 185 cases were reported in the county without any deaths, with an average annual incidence of 3.33 / 100,000. The cases were scattered in 16 townships of the county. The age of onset was between 3 and 75 years old, mainly from 25 to 64 years old, accounting for 89.73% (166/185) of the total cases. The incidence of male and female patients was 4: 1 (148/37). The occupational distribution was dominated by peasants, accounting for 91.35% (169/185), followed by students accounting for 2.70% (5/185). The incidence was all year round with obvious seasonal distribution. The cases were concentrated from April to July, accounting for 56.76% of the total cases. In May and July, two peak incidences were formed, accounting for 17.30% and 18.38% of the total cases, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of brucellosis in Changli County is on an upward trend from 2004 to 2013. In the future, many departments such as health husbandry and animal husbandry should work in conjunction with each other to prevent and control animal diseases and surveillance, adopt “quarantine, immunization, elimination of sick animals and monitoring, health education and behavior Intervention as a supplement, ”the comprehensive prevention and control measures, through the effective control of brucellosis epidemic, as soon as possible to get rid of the bad habits associated with brucellosis, in order to achieve the purpose of reducing the incidence of the crowd.