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机器另件由于外载荷的作用,可能产生各种类型的损坏。例如:过量塑性变形,疲劳或多次冲击断裂,脆性断裂,表面损伤(磨损、接触疲劳、麻点剥落)等等。其中断裂是最常见的失效方式。失效分析是在综合分析机械另件服役条件和失效特点并联系材料的组织和强度特性的基础上寻求造成失效的主导原因,确定衡量这种失效抗力的强度指标,提出克服失效的相应措施(选择合适的材料和强化工艺),从而达到有效地提高机件使用寿命的目的。
Different parts of the machine due to the role of external load, may produce various types of damage. For example: excessive plastic deformation, fatigue or repeated impact fracture, brittle fracture, surface damage (wear, contact fatigue, pitting spalling) and so on. Breaking is the most common failure mode. Failure analysis is based on a comprehensive analysis of the service conditions and failure characteristics of the mechanical parts and the material and strength characteristics of the organization to find the leading cause of failure, to determine the strength of this resistance to measure the failure of the proposed measures to overcome the failure (select Suitable materials and strengthening process), so as to achieve the purpose of effectively improving the service life of the machine.