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一、前言胡杨(Populus euphratica Olivrer.)是一种能在盐碱土壤生长的树种,在我国新疆、青海、甘肃和内蒙西部都有天然生长的成片胡杨林。胡杨树高可达20米,胸径40—80厘米,多分布在河谷两旁和盐碱滩地,以及沙丘间的盐碱地和轻沙地上,是绿化盐碱荒极有前途的树种。但是,由于胡杨种粒小,人工不易繁殖,对扩大繁殖区域造成了一定的困难。为了把这一抗盐性强的树种引入华北沿海,以适应沿海盐碱地缘化建设的需要,天津地区曾先后进行两次引种试验工作。一次是由天津专署碱荒造林试验组于1954年引进胡杨苗木在汉沽地区栽植,结果没有成功。另一次是1960年8月由我所分别从新疆、内蒙引进胡杨种子,在静海县良王庄地区进行播种育苗试验。通过两年观察,出苗及幼苗生长情况良好;1962年春季进行造林试验,成活率达96.5%。并采用1年生枝条及嫩
I. Introduction Populus euphratica Olivrer. Is a kind of tree species that can grow in saline-alkali soils. Natural Populus euphratica Oliv. Is a native Populus euphratica forest in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. Poplar trees up to 20 meters high, 40-80 centimeters diameter at breast height, and more distributed in the valleys and salina beach, as well as dune saline land and light sand, is a very promising saline-alkali tree species. However, due to Populus euphratica seedlings is small, artificial breeding is not easy, to expand the breeding area caused some difficulties. In order to introduce this salt-tolerant species into the coastal areas of North China in order to meet the needs of the coastal saline-alkali geo-construction, Tianjin has conducted two introduction experiments. Once by the Tianjin agency of alkali shortage of afforestation experimental group in 1954 the introduction of Populus seedlings planted in Hangu area, the result was unsuccessful. Another is August 1960 by me from Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, the introduction of Populus seeds in Jinghai County Liangwangzhuang area sowing seedling trials. After two years of observation, the emergence and seedling growth were good. In the spring of 1962, the afforestation experiment was carried out with a survival rate of 96.5%. And a 1-year-old branches and tender