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采用一种改进的化学还原法,在室温下合成Sn3.5Ag(质量分数,%)纳米颗粒。实验所用表面活性剂和还原剂分别为邻啡罗琳和硼氢化钠。X射线衍射分析表明所合成的纳米粒子没有明显的氧化现象。结果表明:在反应物浓度较小时,产生的一次粒子较少,团聚及二次粒子生长程度较小,纳米颗粒的尺寸也随之减小。当以某一合适的速率添加还原剂到前驱体溶液中时,表面活性剂浓度对纳米颗粒尺寸起到控制作用。由于表面活性剂分子可以与纳米团簇之间产生配位作用,因此可以抑制纳米颗粒的长大。表面活性剂与前驱体溶液质量的比值越大,得到的纳米颗粒尺寸越小。
An improved chemical reduction method was used to synthesize Sn3.5Ag (mass fraction) nanoparticles at room temperature. Surfactants and reducing agents used in the experiment were o-poloxamer and sodium borohydride, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that there was no obvious oxidation phenomenon of the synthesized nanoparticles. The results show that when the concentration of reactants is small, the number of primary particles produced is small, the degree of agglomeration and the growth of secondary particles are small, and the size of the nanoparticles is also reduced. When a reducing agent is added to the precursor solution at a suitable rate, the surfactant concentration has a controlling effect on the nanoparticle size. Due to the coordination between the surfactant molecules and the nanoclusters, the growth of the nanoparticles can be inhibited. The larger the ratio of surfactant to precursor solution mass, the smaller the resulting nanoparticle size.