Cortical spreading depression-induced preconditioning in the brain

• 作 者: Ping-ping Shen Shuai Hou Di Ma Ming-ming Zhao Ming-qin Zhu Jing-dian Zhang Liang-shu Feng Li Cui Jia-chun Feng
• 机 构: Institute of Neuroscience Center and Neurology Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Uni
• 出 处: Neural Regeneration Research
• 发表日期: 2016年11期
• 关键词: spreading cortical excitatory protective metabolism genomic cortex clarify neuro

Cortical spreading depression is a technique used to depolarize neurons.During focal or global ischemia,cortical spreading depression-induced preconditioning can enhance tolerance of further injury.However,the underlying mechanism for this phenomenon remains relatively unclear.To date,numerous issues exist regarding the experimental model used to precondition the brain with cortical spreading depression,such as the administration route,concentration of potassium chloride,induction time,duration of the protection provided by the treatment,the regional distribution of the protective effect,and the types of neurons responsible for the greater tolerance.In this review,we focus on the mechanisms underlying cortical spreading depression-induced tolerance in the brain,considering excitatory neurotransmission and metabolism,nitric oxide,genomic reprogramming,inflammation,neurotropic factors,and cellular stress response.Specifically,we clarify the procedures and detailed information regarding cortical spreading depression-induced preconditioning and build a foundation for more comprehensive investigations in the field of neural regeneration and clinical application in the future.

Cortical spreading depression is a technique used to depolarize neurons. Burning focal or global ischemia, cortical spreading depression-induced preconditioning can enhance tolerance of further injury. However, the underlying mechanism for this phenomenon remains relatively unclear. To date, numerous issues exist regarding the experimental model used to precondition the brain with cortical spreading depression, such as the administration route, concentration of potassium chloride, induction time, duration of the protection provided by the treatment, the regional distribution of the protective effect, and the types of neurons responsible for the greater tolerance. this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying cortical spreading depression-induced tolerance in the brain, considering excitatory neurotransmission and metabolism, nitric oxide, genomic reprogramming, inflammation, neurotropic factors, and cellular stress response. Specifically, we clarify the procedures and detailed information regarding c ortical spreading depression-induced preconditioning and build a foundation for more comprehensive investigations in the field of neural regeneration and clinical application in the future.