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作为政府主导型的“开发性移民”方针的诞生过程是国家利益与地方利益、移民搬迁与发展焦虑相互博弈的过程。在工程性非自愿移民法律制度中,“造法”移民、“身份”补偿和“双包干”原则是核心内容。在压力型体制下,通过重建科层制实现社会控制、构建公共传媒支撑体系和司法为政府中心工作服务等手段,地方政府强力推进移民工作,虽然取得了巨大成绩,但纠纷、矛盾仍然不断。为解决上述问题,有必要反思“危机应对”与“政府主导”型的工程性非自愿移民政策、法律的运作困境,寻找重构的方向。
The process of the birth of a government-led “developmental immigration” policy is a process of mutual game between national interests and local interests and between migration and development anxieties. In the legal system of involuntary resettlement, the principle of “making”, “compensating” and “double-guaranteeing” are the core contents. Under the pressure-type system, local governments have made great efforts to promote immigration by means of reconstructing bureaucratic control, building a public media support system and providing judicial services to government centers. Despite great achievements, disputes and conflicts still continue to occur. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to reflect on the operational predicament of the “crisis response” and “government-led” type of involuntary resettlement, the operation of the law and the search for the direction of reconstruction.