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目的探讨甲醛、三氯乙烯单独及联合染毒对小鼠免疫系统的影响。方法选择健康清洁级昆明小鼠108只(雌雄各半),按3×3析因设计分为9组,即对照组(清洁空气)、甲醛低剂量组(1 mg/m3)、甲醛高剂量组(5 mg/m3)、三氯乙烯低剂量组(1 000 mg/m3)、三氯乙烯高剂量组(5 000 mg/m3)、低甲醛+低三氯乙烯剂量组(1 mg/m3+1 000 mg/m3)、低甲醛+高三氯乙烯剂量组(1 mg/m3+5000 mg/m3)、高甲醛+低三氯乙烯剂量组(5 mg/m3+1 000 mg/m3)、高甲醛+高三氯乙烯剂量组(5 mg/m3+5000 mg/m3)。采用静式吸入染毒法,连续染毒14 d,每天2 h。染毒结束后处死小鼠,通过测定小鼠脾脏、胸腺脏器系数及迟发超敏反应强度、血清免疫球蛋白Ig E和Ig G水平的变化来观察二者单独及联合染毒对小鼠免疫系统的影响。结果甲醛单独染毒可降低小鼠脾脏、胸腺的脏器系数(P<0.05),三氯乙烯单独染毒可降低雌性小鼠胸腺脏器系数(P<0.05),未见二者联合染毒对小鼠脾脏、胸腺脏器系数的变化存在交互作用(P>0.05)。甲醛、三氯乙烯单独染毒使雌性小鼠迟发超敏反应强度降低(P<0.05),二者联合染毒对雌性小鼠足垫肿胀度的影响存在拮抗效应(P<0.05)。甲醛、三氯乙烯单独染毒使小鼠血清Ig E水平升高(P<0.05),未见二者联合染毒对小鼠血清Ig E水平的变化存在交互作用(P>0.05);甲醛和三氯乙烯单独及联合染毒对各染毒组小鼠血清Ig G水平的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论甲醛、三氯乙烯单独及联合染毒对小鼠免疫系统均有一定的抑制作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of formaldehyde and trichlorethylene on the immune system in mice treated with either alone or in combination. Methods One hundred and eight healthy Kunming mice were selected and divided into 9 groups according to 3 × 3 factorial design. The control group (clean air), low-formaldehyde group (1 mg / m3), high-formaldehyde (5 mg / m3), the low dose of trichlorethylene (1 000 mg / m3), the high dose of trichlorethylene (5 000 mg / m3), the low formaldehyde and low trichlorethylene dose group (1 mg / m3 1 000 mg / m3), low formaldehyde + high trichlorethylene (1 mg / m3 + 5000 mg / m3), high formaldehyde + low trichlorethylene (5 mg / m3 + 1000 mg / m3) High formaldehyde + trichlorethylene dose group (5 mg / m3 + 5000 mg / m3). Adopt the method of inhalation by static inhalation, continuous exposure for 14 days and daily for 2 hours. Mice were sacrificed after the end of the exposure. The spleen, thymus organ coefficient and the intensity of delayed hypersensitivity, serum immunoglobulin Ig E and Ig G levels were observed to observe the effects of both alone and in combination on mice The impact of the immune system. Results Formaldehyde exposure alone reduced the organ coefficients of spleen and thymus in mice (P <0.05). Trichlorethylene alone reduced the thymus index of female mice (P <0.05) Interaction of mouse spleen, thymus organ coefficient changes (P> 0.05). Formaldehyde and trichlorethylene exposure alone reduced the delayed hypersensitivity reaction in female mice (P <0.05). The combined effect of the two drugs had an antagonistic effect on the degree of foot pad swelling in female mice (P <0.05). Formaldehyde and trichlorethylene alone increased serum IgE levels in mice (P <0.05), and no interaction was observed between the two groups on the changes of serum IgE level (P> 0.05). Formaldehyde and Trichlorethylene alone and in combination had no effect on serum Ig G level in mice exposed to TCE (P> 0.05). Conclusion Formaldehyde and trichlorethylene alone and in combination have some inhibitory effects on the immune system in mice.