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稠油热采虽然是在近几十年内才蓬勃发展起来的一种行之有效的工艺技术,但追朔其历史,已有一百年的研究发展史了,几乎是与石油开发技术发展史同步。早在1865年,珀赖和瓦纳就发表了其专利:《电加热油井技术》(美国专利:№45584),其目的就是将热量注入油层、降低原油粘度,提高稠油产量;有时也用于使原油在高于倾点温度下流向地面,清除或防止象石蜡、沥青这样的有机固体的形成和沉积。由于使用井下加热器和相当的热流体循环只能对生产井井身及近井地带起作用,因
Although the heavy oil thermal recovery is an effective process technology that has flourished in recent decades, it has a hundred years history of research and development, almost simultaneously with the history of oil development technology. As early as 1865, Parely and Vanne published their patent: Electric Heating Oil Well Technology (U.S. Patent No. 45584), which aims to inject heat into the reservoir to reduce the viscosity of the crude and increase the production of heavy oil, The crude oil is allowed to flow to the surface at a temperature above the pour point to remove or prevent the formation and deposition of organic solids such as paraffin and pitch. Because the use of downhole heaters and considerable thermal fluid circulation can only work well in production wells and near wellbeds,