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目的了解浙江省江山市无偿献血者血液感染性指标检测情况,探讨降低血液不合格率的对策,为血站选择低危献血者提供理论依据。方法选择2011-2014年浙江省江山市19368名无偿献血者,运用酶免疫分析系统检测乙肝表面抗原、丙型肝炎抗体、梅毒螺旋体抗体和人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体,并进行分组比较和统计学分析。结果 19368名无偿献血者血液病毒感染性指标检测不合格情况男女不合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(X~2=2.92,P>0.05);其中男女组抗-HCV比较,差异有统计学意义(X~2=11.8,P<0.05),其它项目比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄组不合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(X~2=5.81,P>0.05);其中不同年龄组的抗-TP不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(X~2=11.6,P<0.05),其它项目比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同职业组的总不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(X~2=63.9,P<0.05),抗-TP、HBs Ag和抗-HCV比较,差异均有统计学意义(X~2=50.4、11.6、60.0,P<0.05)。17例抗-HIV初筛阳性者中有1例在外务工的41岁男性农民献血者经确证试验显示阳性。结论加强献血前征询和血液筛查,建立长期固定低危献血者队伍,提高检测水平,减少血液报废,确保血液安全。
Objective To understand the detection of blood infectious index of unpaid blood donors in Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province, and to explore the countermeasures to reduce the rate of blood unqualified blood donors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for selecting low-risk blood donors. Methods A total of 19368 blood donors from Jiangshan City of Zhejiang Province from 2011 to 2014 were selected to detect HBsAg, Hepatitis C antibody, Treponema pallidum antibody and human immunodeficiency virus antibody by enzyme immunoassay system, and compared by grouping and statistical analysis. Results There were no significant differences in the unqualified rate of blood viral infection among 19 368 unpaid blood donors (X ~ 2 = 2.92, P> 0.05). There was statistically significant difference in anti-HCV between men and women Significance (X ~ 2 = 11.8, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in other items (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the failure rate among different age groups (X ~ 2 = 5.81, P> 0.05). The difference of anti-TP failure rate in different age groups was statistically significant (X ~ 2 = P <0.05). There was no significant difference in other items (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the total failure rates of different occupational groups (X ~ 2 = 63.9, P <0.05). The differences of anti-TP, HBsAg and anti-HCV were statistically significant 50.4, 11.6, 60.0, P <0.05). One out of 17 anti-HIV positive screening positives were confirmed by confirmatory tests in a 41-year-old male farmer blood donor who was employed by a foreign worker. Conclusion Strengthen the pre-donation consultation and blood screening, establish a long-term fixed low-risk blood donors, improve the level of detection, reduce blood scrap, and ensure blood safety.