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以原产于广西阳朔的漓江报春苣苔(Primulina lijiangensis)和心叶报春苣苔(P.cordata)2种报春苣苔属植物为试材,从开花生物学、花粉活力和柱头可授性、花粉/胚珠(P/O)比率、访花昆虫种类和访花行为、杂交指数(OCI)以及繁育系统等方面对2种报春苣苔属植物的传粉生物学进行比较研究。结果表明:2种报春苣苔属植物花期长度相近,均约45d,心叶报春苣苔开花较早;前者单花周期短,花小,每花序花多,开花式样大;后者单花周期相对较长,花大,每花序花少,开花式样小;花粉/胚珠比率(P/O)分别为290.85±5.34和331.76±13.08;二者均为雌雄异熟(雄蕊先熟),柱头和花药存在空间隔离,可以避免自花传粉,但自交亲和,需要依靠传粉媒介完成异花传粉或自花传粉,传粉者黄纹无刺蜂(Trigona ventralis)扮演很重要的角色,相同的传粉者在不同的物种中表现出不同的传粉行为;二者OCI指数均≥4,为异交型,自交亲和,不存在无融合生殖现象,自然授粉结实率均低于人工授粉结实率,前者自然结实率高于后者自然结实率,二者自然结实率差异不显著。
Primulina lijiangensis and P.cordata, native to Yangshuo, Guangxi, were used as materials to study the effects of flowering and flowering on pollen viability, pollen viability and stigma Pollination / ovule (P / O) ratio, pollinator species and flower visiting behavior, crossbreeding index (OCI) and breeding system of pollination were compared. The results showed that the flowering period of the two genus of the genus Primula was similar, all about 45 days. The genus Primula arundinacea was earlier in the flowering period. The former was shorter in flower and smaller in flower, with more flowers in each inflorescence. The flower cycle was relatively long with large flowers, with less inflorescence and less flower pattern. Pollen / ovule ratio (P / O) were 290.85 ± 5.34 and 331.76 ± 13.08, respectively. Both of them were dioecious (stamen ripening first) Stigma and anthers exist spatial isolation, to avoid self-pollination, but self-compatible, need to rely on pollinators to complete cross-pollination or self-pollination, pollinators Trigonella centralis plays a very important role, the same Of the pollinators showed different pollination behaviors in different species. The OCI index of the two species were both ≥4, which were outcrossing, self-compatible and absent apomixis. The natural pollination rate was lower than that of artificial pollination Rate, the former natural seed setting rate is higher than the latter’s natural seed setting rate, the difference between the two natural seed setting rate is not significant.