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根据目前农民小麦增施氮肥的严重情况,进行小麦氮肥适宜量、控释氮施用量及控释氮比例(CNR)的定位效应研究。结果表明:在磷肥、钾肥施用量一定的情况下,豫东潮土小麦适宜施氮量在210~285 kg hm-2之间,以施氮285 kg hm-2小麦产量和效益最高;小麦产量随CNR的增加而增加,以CNR为40%施氮量210 kg hm-2处理的最高;小麦氮素吸收指数和氮肥偏生产力均随着施氮量的增加而降低,随CNR的增加而增加,以55%的控释低氮处理最高;随施氮量的增加土壤中速效氮和有效磷含量逐渐增加,土壤有效磷随CNR的增加而增加。两年三季作物的经济效益以处理2效益最好,这说明添加有机肥的配方肥比较适合高产、高效农业的需求。
According to the serious situation of increasing nitrogen fertilizer in farmer wheat, the suitable positioning of nitrogenous fertilizer, controlled release nitrogen application rate and controlled release nitrogen ratio (CNR) of wheat were studied. The results showed that under suitable phosphorus and potassium fertilization rates, the suitable nitrogen application rates were between 210 ~ 285 kg hm-2 in the tideland and the yield and benefit of the wheat with 285 kg hm-2 N application were the highest. The yield of wheat With the increase of CNR, the highest was treated with 40% of CNR and 210 kg hm-2 of nitrogen. The nitrogen absorption index and nitrogen fertility of wheat decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate and increased with the increase of CNR , And reached the highest with 55% controlled release and low N treatment. With the increase of N application rate, the content of available N and available P in soil increased gradually, while the content of available P in soil increased with the increase of CNR. The economic benefit of two-year and three-season crops is the best for treatment 2, which shows that the compound fertilizer with organic fertilizer is more suitable for the demand of high-yield and high-efficiency agriculture.