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目的:探索不同生长年限林下山参和园参中腺苷和主要人参皂苷类成分的差异,探讨评价林下山参和园参质量的理化指标。方法:以9～14年生的林下山参和3～6年生的园参为材料:用15%甲醇超声提取,采用反相高效液相色谱法分析研究其中腺苷含量差异,色谱柱为YMCC18(150mm×6.0mm,5μm)柱,流动相为甲醇-水(10∶90),流速0.7mL.min-1,检测波长260nm,柱温45℃;用甲醇回流提取,反相高效液相色谱法分析研究其中的人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rd6个成分进行含量测定,色谱柱为YMCC18(150mm×6.0mm,5μm)柱,流动相为乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速1.5mL.min-1,检测波长203nm,柱温30℃。结果:建立了人参中腺苷的检测方法并测得不同生长年限林下山参和园参中腺苷含量为0.170～0.582mg.g-1;优化了人参中主要人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rd的检测方法,而且还测得不同生长年限林下山参和园参中这6个皂苷的含量为15.18～54.74mg.g-1。结论:园参中腺苷含量明显高于林下山参,不同年生的园参中腺苷含量除3年生的含量较高外,其余的无显著差异;不同年生的林下山参中腺苷含量随年龄的增长而降低,林下山参与园参中腺苷含量存在极显著差异。6个人参皂苷总量在林下山参和园参中的含量都随年龄的增长而增高,除9年生的林下山参稍低外,其余的林下山参皂苷含量均高于园参。
Objective: To explore the difference of adenosine and major ginsenosides in the ginseng and ginseng under different growth stages, and to explore the physical and chemical indexes to evaluate the quality of the ginseng and ginseng. Methods: Nine to 14-year-old undergrowths and 3 to 6-year-old garden ginseng were used as materials. The contents of adenosine were determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with 15% methanol. The chromatographic column was YMCC18 150mm × 6.0mm, 5μm). The mobile phase was methanol-water (10:90), the flow rate was 0.7mL.min-1, the detection wavelength was 260nm and the column temperature was 45 ℃. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography The components of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2 and Rd were analyzed and determined. The chromatographic column was YMCC18 (150 mm × 6.0 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase of acetonitrile- . min-1, detection wavelength 203nm, column temperature 30 ℃. Results: The detection method of ginsenoside in ginseng was established and the concentrations of adenosine in ginseng and ginseng under different growth stages were measured in the range of 0.170 ~ 0.582 mg.g-1. The main ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rd detection methods, but also measured in different growth stages under the ginseng and garden ginseng in the six saponins content of 15.18 ~ 54.74mg.g-1. CONCLUSION: The content of adenosine in the ginseng is obviously higher than that in the ginseng. The concentration of adenosine in the ginseng is different from that in the other three generations except for the three-year-old. The content of adenosine in ginseng Age and reduce the Linxia participation Parkinson’s adenosine content there is a very significant difference. The total amount of 6 ginsenosides in Linxia ginseng and garden ginseng all increased with the increase of age. The ginseng saponin content in the remaining ginseng was higher than that in ginseng except for 9-year-old ginseng.