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目的探讨卡介苗不同给药途径对小鼠哮喘模型气道内外各种组织的影响。方法 28只BALB/c小鼠分为正常对照组、哮喘对照组、卡介苗鼻腔内和皮下给药组4组各7只。正常对照组用生理盐水致敏,哮喘模型用尘螨致敏激发,给药组在尘螨致敏同时鼻腔内或皮下给予1×105 CFUs卡介苗1次,1个月后计数肺泡灌洗液及肺组织嗜酸性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数,检测气道组织杯状细胞增殖程度和平滑肌厚度。结果肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞百分比正常对照组((0.34±0.12)%)和给药组(鼻腔给药组(0.43±0.21)%和皮下给药组(0.58±0.18)%)均低于哮喘对照组((5.54±1.02)%)(P<0.05),4组间淋巴细胞百分比比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肺气道组织中嗜酸性粒细胞计数和淋巴细胞计数正常对照组和卡介苗给药组均低于哮喘对照组(P<0.05),卡介苗皮下给药组嗜酸性粒细胞数((17.40±3.20)个/mm2)低于卡介苗鼻腔给药组((36.96±5.86)个/mm2)(P<0.05);正常对照组和卡介苗给药组杯状细胞增殖程度低于哮喘对照组(P<0.05),卡介苗皮下给药组抑制杯状细胞增殖作用较卡介苗鼻腔给药组强(P<0.05);卡介苗鼻腔给药组平滑肌厚度((32.89±5.02)×10-1μm)较哮喘对照组((54.41±8.32)×10-1μm)减低(P<0.05)。结论卡介苗鼻腔内及皮下给药均可抑制气道组织的哮喘反应,且皮下给药作用更强。
Objective To investigate the effects of different routes of administration of BCG on various tissues inside and outside the airway of mouse asthma model. Methods Twenty eight BALB / c mice were divided into four groups, normal control group, asthma control group, intranasal and subcutaneous administration of BCG respectively. The normal control group was sensitized with saline, and the asthmatic model was sensitized with dust mite. In the treatment group, 1 × 10 5 CFU BCG was given intranasally or subcutaneously at the same time as the sensitization of dust mite. After 1 month, alveolar lavage fluid was counted Lung tissue eosinophil count, lymphocyte count, detection of airway goblet cell proliferation and smooth muscle thickness. Results The percentage of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was (0.34 ± 0.12)% in the normal control group and 0.58 ± 0.18% in the nasal administration group (0.43 ± 0.21%) and the subcutaneous administration group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of lymphocytes between the four groups (P> 0.05). The numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the lung airways were significantly lower than those in the asthma control group (5.54 ± 1.02% The numbers of eosinophils in the BCG subcutaneous administration group (17.40 ± 3.20) / mm2 were significantly lower than those in the BCG administration group (P <0.05) 36.96 ± 5.86) cells / mm2) (P <0.05). The proliferation of goblet cells in normal control group and BCG administration group was lower than that in asthma control group (P <0.05). The BCG subcutaneous administration group Compared with the asthma control group (54.41 ± 8.32 × 10-1μm), the BCG administration volume in the nasal administration group was significantly lower than that in the asthma control group (32.89 ± 5.02 × 10-1μm) (P <0.05) ). Conclusion Intranasal and subcutaneous administration of BCG can inhibit the asthmatic response of airway tissue, and the effect of subcutaneous administration is stronger.