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将铜包铝复合材料代替纯铜用作电力电缆金属屏蔽层,在节约铜资源方面有着重大的实际意义。铜包铝复合材料的芯材性质和界面特征是影响材料使用性能的重要因素,利用CALPHAD相图计算方法,对铜铝复合材料的稳定相组成、生成条件等进行热力学计算稳态分析。铜包铝芯材6201铝合金在300℃以下,有较多的Al Fe Si相和Mg2Si相可以起到强化作用;芯材AA8030铝合金在285℃以下,可以生成较多的Al13Fe4相。Al2Cu,Al Cu和Al9Cu11等主要脆性相的生成是由Al的扩散控制的。在低温条件下,铜铝二元脆性相不易生成。在300℃,Al在Al2Cu相和Al Cu相中扩散的化学势差较大,表明Al2Cu相和Al Cu相易于在铜铝复合界面处生成。因此,控制铜铝复合界面处Al2Cu相和Al Cu相的相量是提高铜包铝界面质量和结合强度的有效途径。在铜铝复合界面过渡层无两相平衡区域存在,推断从富铝端到富铜端依次主要包括了fcc(Al)固溶体、Al2Cu相、Al Cu相、Gamma相和fcc(Cu)固溶体。
The copper clad aluminum composite material instead of pure copper as a power cable metal shielding layer, has great practical significance in saving copper resources. The core material properties and interfacial characteristics of copper clad aluminum composites are important factors that affect the serviceability of the materials. The thermodynamic calculations of the steady phase composition and the formation conditions of the copper-aluminum composites are carried out by using CALPHAD phase diagram calculation method. Copper clad aluminum core 6201 aluminum alloy at 300 ℃ below, there are more Al Fe Si phase and Mg2Si phase can play a reinforcing effect; core material AA8030 aluminum alloy below 285 ℃, can generate more Al13Fe4 phase. The formation of major brittle phases such as Al2Cu, Al Cu and Al9Cu11 is controlled by the diffusion of Al. Under low temperature conditions, copper and aluminum binary brittle phase is not easy to generate. At 300 ℃, the chemical potential difference of Al diffused in Al2Cu phase and Al Cu phase is larger, which indicates that Al2Cu phase and Al Cu phase are easy to form at Cu-Al composite interface. Therefore, controlling the phase quantities of Al2Cu phase and Al Cu phase at the copper-aluminum composite interface is an effective way to improve the interface quality and bonding strength of the copper-clad aluminum. There is no two-phase equilibrium region in the transition layer of copper-aluminum composite interface. It is inferred that the fcc (Al) solid solution, Al2Cu phase, Al Cu phase, Gamma phase and fcc (Cu) solid solution are mainly included from the aluminum-rich end to the copper-