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目的探讨马鞍山市妇女孕前体质指数和孕期增重与妊娠期高血压疾病的关联。方法 2013年5月—2014年9月,在安徽省马鞍山市妇幼保健院招募初次建卡的孕妇(孕周≤14周),建立以孕妇人群为基础的队列并随访至分娩。孕早、中、晚期分别填写《孕产期母婴健康记录表》;测量孕妇的身高、体重和血压并检测尿蛋白。结果 3219名单胎活产儿孕妇的妊娠期高血压疾病发生率为6.09%(196/3219),其中子痫前期的发生率为1.77%(57/3219)。二分类Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,在调整混杂因素后,孕前超重、孕前肥胖及孕期过度增重是妊娠期高血压疾病的危险因素,其OR值分别为2.33(95%CI 1.56~3.47)、7.85(95%CI 4.65~13.24)和1.86(95%CI 1.24~2.79)。结论孕前超重或肥胖和孕期过度增重可增加妊娠期高血压疾病的发病风险。
Objective To explore the relationship between body mass index (MAI), pregnancy weight gain and gestational hypertension in Ma’anshan women. Methods From May 2013 to September 2014, maternity and adolescent health centers in Ma’anshan City, Anhui Province, recruited first-time pregnant women (gestational age ≤14 weeks) to establish a cohort based on the pregnant women group and followed up until delivery. Pregnancy early, middle and late, respectively, fill in “maternal and child health records table”; measurement of pregnant women’s height, weight and blood pressure and urine protein. Results The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension among 3219 singleton pregnant women was 6.09% (196/3219). The incidence of preeclampsia was 1.77% (57/3219). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, pre-pregnancy overweight, pre-pregnancy obesity and over-weight during pregnancy were risk factors of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, with OR values of 2.33 (95% CI 1.56-3.47) 7.85 (95% CI 4.65-13.24) and 1.86 (95% CI 1.24-2.79). Conclusion Overweight or obesity before pregnancy and pregnancy overweight may increase the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension.