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目的了解社区2型糖尿病患者营养治疗现况,分析其需求,为有效开展医学营养治疗提供指导。方法采用自制2型糖尿病患者营养治疗调查问卷,对合肥杏林街道社区确诊2型糖尿病患者进行随机抽样调查。结果在调查的343名社区2型糖尿病患者中,194名患者接受过营养治疗,占56.6%;而这些人中仅有6.7%的患者能在家庭生活中熟练运用营养治疗,18.0%的患者家庭生活中基本能运用营养治疗。糖尿病患者营养治疗主要是由临床医护人员指导的,占96.91%;营养治疗场所主要在医院,占78.87%;糖尿病患者获得营养治疗主体和场所在实际和希望之间存在显著差异(P<0.01)。营养治疗的内容主要集中在饮食注意事项及膳食选择,而缺乏人体营养需要、食物营养价值、人体营养状况评价、如何控制能量及食谱编制等深层次内容。结论社区2型糖尿病患者更希望能在社区和家庭中接受营养治疗,营养(医)师应该提供深层次营养治疗行为培训和强化。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community and analyze their needs and provide guidance for effective medical nutrition treatment. Methods A questionnaire of nutritional therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was randomly selected from random samples of type 2 diabetic patients diagnosed in community of Xinglin street in Hefei. Of the 343 community-type 2 diabetic patients surveyed, 194 received nutritional therapy, accounting for 56.6%; only 6.7% of these individuals were able to use nutritional therapy in their family life, and 18.0% of the patients’ families Basic life can use nutritional therapy. Nutritional treatment of diabetic patients was mainly guided by clinical medical staff, accounting for 96.91%; nutrition treatment places were mainly in hospitals, accounting for 78.87%; there was significant difference (P <0.01) between the subjects and place of nutritional therapy for diabetic patients, . Nutritional therapy focuses on dietary considerations and dietary choices, but lacks human nutrition needs, nutritional value of foods, evaluation of human nutritional status, how to control deep-seated content such as energy and recipe preparation. Conclusions Community type 2 diabetes patients are more likely to receive nutritional therapy in their community and family. Nutritional (nutrition) practitioners should provide in-depth training and reinforcement of nutritional therapy.