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原子喷泉钟是目前世界上最准的运行原子钟,主要包括铯喷泉钟和铷喷泉钟两种.中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所于2003年开始开展了可搬运小型喷泉铷钟样机的研制,它的主要特点是:以铷原子做工作介质、损耗低、信噪比高、冷原子碰撞频移低;通过折叠光路设计,其对激光的功率要求降低2/3,系统更加紧凑稳定,更加有利于喷泉钟的工程化.该原子钟已经获得了微波跃迁的Ramsey干涉条纹,其信噪比约100,并实现了闭环锁定,1s的稳定度为8×10?13,4×104s稳定度优于6×10?15.目前正在进行误差的评估工作及系统的改进,近期将进行项目验收,预期总的频率不确定度优于4×10?15.
Atomic fountain clock is currently the world’s quasi-atomic clock atomic operation, including cesium fountain clock and rubidium fountain bell two.Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics began in 2003 to carry out a small fountain rubidium prototype can be carried out, it The main features are: working medium with rubidium atoms, low loss, high signal to noise ratio, cold atomic collision frequency shift is low; by folding the optical design, the laser power requirements to reduce 2/3, the system is more compact and stable, more Conducive to the engineering of the fountain bell.The atomic clock has been obtained Ramsey interference fringes with microwave transition, the signal to noise ratio of about 100, and the realization of a closed-loop lock, 1s stability of 8 × 10 13, 4 × 104s stability is better than 6 × 10-15. At present, the assessment of errors and systematic improvement are under way. The acceptance of the project will be carried out in the near future. The expected total frequency uncertainty is better than 4 × 10-15.