论文部分内容阅读
目的 综述持续性加速度生理与防护研究. 资料来源与选择 国内外该领域的相关研究论文、技术报告、电子文献. 资料引用 引用文献资料88篇. 资料综合 回顾近年来持续性正加速度生理效应研究进展.持续高+Gz暴露会引起人体暂时性应激变化,对心脏舒张功能也有一定影响,提示应针对飞行员健康深层次防护问题深入开展研究.分析了高性能战斗机复合加速度的发生情况.可采用抗荷动作、抗荷正压呼吸等防护推拉效应,但Gy对+Gz耐力的影响尚有不同观点.性别、体质、兴奋剂等因素均可影响人体+Gz耐力,而+Gz重复暴露是否会提高耐力还需要进一步深入探讨,同时+Gz耐力终点指标与检查方法也在不断深入研究与改进中.国外在利用无接触测试人体生理参数方法评价飞行员工作状态、进行G-LOC预警方面进展较快,部分成果已近实用,提示我们应加大相关研究力度.从国外先进抗荷装备研究来看,全覆盖抗荷服、一体化电子式供氧抗荷调节器等是当前发展方向,同时如何减轻飞行员生理负荷、提高装备人机工效性能等也成为研究重点.我国提出的新式抗荷动作易于掌握、效果明显,应大力推广应用. 结论 近10年来国内外持续性加速度生理与防护研究应用均取得很大进展,但相比之下我国尚有差距,应进一步改进提高相关技术、装备的研究与应用水平.“,”Objective To overview and analyze the research progress in respect of acceleration physiology and protection.Literature resource and selection Domestic and abroad research articles,reports and internet references in this field.Literature quotation Eighty-eight domestic and abroad references were cited.Literature synthesis The research progress of the physiological effects of sustained positive acceleration in recent years was reviewed.High sustained +Gz exposure could lead to temporary physiological stress responses in human body and has some effects on diastolic functions.Those suggested that deeply research on the pilot health protection should be carried out.The multiaxis acceleration profile in the high performance fighter was analyzed and the protective measures against push-pull effect were put forward,such as anti-G straining maneuver and pressure breathing for G.However,there were still different views on the effect of Gy acceleration on + Gz tolerance.Factors such as gender,physical condition and cordial could affect human tolerance to +Gz acceleration.Whether repeated +Gz exposures could improve tolerance need to be further discussed.+Gz tolerance criteria and measurements are still in deep study.The researches of real-time pilot physiological monitoring and G-LOC warning had been developed quickly in foreign countries and some of the results had been tested in practice,those suggested that we should strengthen related research.Full coverage anti-G suit and integrated electronic oxygen and anti-G regulator represent the trend of advanced anti-G equipment development.At the same time,reducing pilot physiological load and improving equipment ergonomics performance had become another research focuses.The new anti-G straining maneuver invented by Chinese is easy to grasp,could offer satisfactory protection,and should be popularized.Conclusions During the past ten years,great domestic and abroad progresses have been achieved in the field of acceleration physiology and its protection and application.However,there exists the disparity in the domestic researches as compared with the abroad researches.Further endeavors are required to enhance the related technology,equipment studies and application level.